Fixation of acid colors on cotton.



- UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK WILLIAM WEEKS, OF EDGWORTH, ENGLAND.

FIXATION OF ACID COLORS ON COTTON.

Be it known that I, FREDERICK WILLIAM WEEKS, a British subject, residingat'Edg- Y worth, county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in the Fixation of Acid Colors on Cotton, ofwhich the following is a specification. I n

This invention relates to improvements in the fixationof acid colors oncotton in dyeing and calico print ng.

Great eiforts have been made to utilize the acid wool colors in cottondyeing and calico printing to give resulting shades which should bereasonably fast to washing and soaping. The usual methods of applyingthe aforesaid class of coloring matters to cotton fabrics, result in theproduction of shades which are extremely loose to washing and materialsso treated will not stand the slight est subsequent treatment such aswashing or soaping.

The object of the present invention is to produce dyed or printed shadeson cotton goods, by means of the acid wool dyestuffs, which shall becapable of withstanding such after-treatment as is usually applied todyed and printed goods produced by methods commonly in use. Suchafter-treatment might be in the case of printed goods, a run through hotsoap solution on the open soap-- ing machine, or in the case of dyedgoods a thorough washing with boiling water. To produce such efi'ects Iutilize as fixing agents or mordants for the acid dyestufi's, thecondensation products formed by the interaction-of amins and aldehydesor their chemical equivalents.

In the production of dyed goods I impregnate the material on theordinary slop padding machine with a mixture made u as follows 12- ozs.anilin salt dissolved in 3 'qts. water. To which when dissolved is added1 pt. hexamethylene tetramin solution and the whole made up to 1 gallon.This padding mixture may have added to it, if desired, a small quantity!of gum dragon thickening.

After padding and drying, the material is mordanted and capable of beingdyed with acid dyestufis, using methods similar to those forapplying thesame dyestufl's to ,WQ j Another method of dyeing consists in paddingthe material with a mixture containing thecoloring matter and fixingagents Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 16, 191'7.

Application filed August 12, 1916. Serial No. 114,622.

in the same bath. Thus a bright yellow may be dyed by padding thematerial in the following mixture. 2% lbs. tartrazin dissolved in 8gallons Water, to which is added, 10 gallons gum dragon thickening 4ozs. per gallon, 1 gallon anilin salt solution 4 lbs. per gallon, 1gallon hexamethylene tetramin solution.

After padding and drying, fixation is completed by steaming the goods 1hour in a suitable steamer.

For printing we use colors made up on the following lines :7?; lbs.Victoria scarlet 4R dissolved in 5 gallons water, to which is added lbs.maize starch. 1% lbs. tapioca flour. cooled, and has' added to it 7 lbs.gum dragon paste (4 ozs. per gallon), 3 gallons anilin salt solution (4lbs. per gallon), 2% gallons hexamethylene tetramin solution.

After printing and dryingthe material is steamed for 1 hour in asuitablesteamer, after which it can be soaped and dried on the opensoaping range. I

In these examples the hexamethylenetetramin solution is prepared bymixing together equal volumes of ammonia 20% and to vary the amount ofanilin salt solution according to the color used, it being readilyunderstood that such alteration is necessary, owing to the greatdifferences in constitution existing between the diflerent members ofthe group of acid colors.

Although in the various examples given the amin employed is a primaryamin, viz., anilin salt solution the invention is not limited to primaryamins but other amins will form compounds by their interaction withaldehydes which can be employed as the fix,- ing agents or mordants. 1

, It has been found that in the case of dyestuffs belonging to theseries of sulfonated basic colors, e. 9., acid violet 2B, acid green,acid magenta, the reducing action of the formaldehyde comes into playduring the steaming operation, so that the shades produced require vasuitable oxidizing process in order to develop them to their fullestintensity. v

What I claim as my invention and desire to protect by Letters Patentis 1. In the dyeing or printing of cotton fabconstant, as fixed in theprevious recipe, and i rics with acid dyestufi's, the method of treatingthe fabrics with fixing agents or mordants consisting of condensationproducts formed by the interaction of amins and aldehydes.

2. In the dyeing or printing of cotton fabrics with acid dyestufi's, themethod of treating the fabric with fixing agents or mordants consistingof condensation products 10 formed by the interaction of amins andaldehyde compounds which yield an aldehyde when steamed or heated.

3. In the dyeing of cotton fabrics with

